以下是外贸英语函电中常见的12种类型及对应范文模板，结合了国际贸易实务中的典型场景和写作规范，供参考：
1. 建立业务关系（Establishing Business Relations）
模板：
We learned your contact information from [来源] and wish to explore cooperation opportunities. As a specialized manufacturer of [产品], we offer competitive prices and reliable quality. Enclosed are our catalog and price list for your review.
引用：
示例：
> Dear Sirs,
> We are a leading exporter of ceramic tiles in China. Our products are certified with ISO standards and have been exported to over 50 countries. Please find attached our latest catalog. Looking forward to your inquiries.
2. 询盘与回复（Enquiry & Reply）
模板：
询盘：
> We are interested in your [产品]. Kindly provide details on specifications, MOQ, and FOB price.
回复：
> Thank you for your enquiry. Attached is the quotation sheet. Samples can be sent upon request.
引用：
3. 报价与还盘（Offer & Counteroffer）
模板：
报价：
> We offer [产品] at USD XX per unit, valid until [日期]. Payment by T/T 30% deposit, balance before shipment.
还盘：
> Your price is higher than competitors. We propose USD XX. If acceptable, we will place an initial order of 1,000 units.
引用：
4. 确认订单（Order Confirmation）
模板：
> We confirm your Order No.123 for 500 sets of [产品]. Delivery will be made within 45 days after receiving the deposit. Please sign and return the attached PI.
引用：
5. 催开信用证（Urging L/C Opening）
模板：
> Referring to our S/C No.456, the shipment date is approaching, but we have not received the L/C. Please expedite its establishment to avoid delays.
引用：
6. 修改信用证（Amending L/C）
模板：
> Your L/C No.789 requires amendment:
> 1. Extend expiry date to [新日期];
> 2. Allow partial shipments.
> Please confirm by return.
引用：
7. 装运通知（Shipping Advice）
模板：
> We have shipped Order No.123 via [船名] on [日期]. The B/L, invoice, and packing list are attached. Please arrange payment.
引用：
8. 付款催款（Payment Reminder）
模板：
> Our records show that Invoice No.456 for USD 10,000 is overdue. Kindly settle the payment within 7 days to avoid further action.
引用：
9. 投诉处理（Handling Complaints）
模板：
> We regret the quality issue with your recent shipment. We will send replacements immediately and cover return costs. Please accept our sincere apologies.
引用：
10. 索赔与理赔（Claim & Settlement）
模板：
索赔：
> 10% of the goods were damaged due to improper packaging. We claim compensation of USD 2,000.
理赔：
> We accept responsibility and will remit USD 2,000 via T/T. Future orders will include reinforced packaging.
引用：
11. 代理协议（Agency Agreement）
模板：
> We propose appointing you as our exclusive agent in [地区]. Commission rate: 5% on all orders. Please confirm your acceptance.
引用：
12. 邀请函（Invitation Letter）
模板：
> We invite you to visit our booth at [展会名称] on [日期]. Let’s discuss potential collaboration opportunities.
引用：
写作原则（7C原则）
1. Courtesy（礼貌）：语气尊重，如 We appreciate your prompt reply.
2. Clarity（清晰）：避免歧义，如明确 partial shipments allowed。
3. Conciseness（简洁）：用短句代替冗余，如 Enclosed → Enclosed herewith。
4. Completeness（完整）：涵盖关键信息（时间、数量、条款）。
5. Concreteness（具体）：数据精确，如 USD 25.60/pc FOB Shanghai。
6. Correctness（正确）：语法、术语无误，如 L/C → Letter of Credit。
7. Consideration（体谅）：从对方立场出发，如 To facilitate your decision, we offer a 3% discount.
提示：实际写作需结合具体业务场景调整内容，并遵循国际商务礼仪。更多模板可参考外贸实务教材或专业网站。
